You are Debayan. One day, when you wake up in your NLUD hostel, you notice a golden door. When you open it, you see God. You get a peek into the place God decides the fate of people. You are taken aback to learn that God makes this decision by a coin toss:

Heads - Heaven,
Tails - Hell.

You ask God why this is happening. God responds, “This has been happening since the inception of time.”

Assumption: Debayan's word will be received as an unquestionable/Gospel truth by the people of the world.

Jibran's philosophy states that in order to be happy a person should attempt to reduce the scope of their desires to simple ones which are consistently easily achievable - e.g. Jibran's philosophy argues that one should not consume or desire fancy foods because you are not guaranteed to always have them

It is 1942. You are Robert Oppenheimer, an accomplished physicist in the United States. the US government

Realism is a school of thought in international relations that emphasises the conflict and competition of global politics. This means your approach to foreign policy would be based on practicality and thinking what's more beneficial for you. Example would be India's neutral stance in every global conflict.

Liberalism, however, asserts notions of values, norms and civil liberty within international relations with a focus on international institutions and organizations. This means you think majorly in terms of human rights, and what's better for the community of nations. Example would be european union.

The Dalai Lama fled from Tibet to India in 1959 following the failure of the Tibetan uprising, fearing death at the hands of Chinese soldiers. China has since then has forbidden him from entering Tibet. Tibetans have since set up a govemment-in-exile in Dharamshala.
Meanwhile, the Dalai Lama has been advocating for the protection of Tibetan people's religious freedom at various national forums.

24th November 2017: Speaking in Kolkata, Dalai Lama stated that his people do not seek independence from China, but prefer "greater development".

He classfied the Sino-Tibetan relationship as "close," though they had "occasional fights".

China too has recently established a booming mineral water factory in Tibet which has heavily raised employment and daily workers' wage rates. The tourism and railway industries too have seen a significantly major raise in this period, which many argue has been because of the strategic importance of Tibet in discourse around China in a modern day context.

This move however, has also faced criticism owing to the narrative that it erases the struggle Tibetan folk have faced so far.

For the purposes of this debate, ""epistemic humility"" is defined as a philosophy which believes in the existence of objective truth but is modest in the perception of how much of this truth is currently known.

""Skepticism"" is defined a philosophy that is agnostic about the existence of objective truth and the ability to determine the existence of objective truth.

There is a peak in the Himalayas that has never been climbed. There are no scientific or economic benefits of climbing that peak. Proponents in favour of leaving the peak unclimbed want it to be a testament to nature's insurmountability and humankind's insignificance in the face of nature. Detractors prefer a statement of humankind's enduring resilience and extraordinary capacity to overcome overweening odds.

Jibran's philosophy states that in order to be happy a person should attempt to reduce the scope of their desires to simple ones which are consistently easily achievable - e.g. Jibran's philosophy argues that one should not consume or desire fancy foods because you are not guaranteed to always have them

Recently environmentalists have started VC funds which primarily buy shares in big oil corporations. For example, in Exxon, environmentalists, bought enough shares to be part of board of directors and tried to make Exxon more sustainable by 2030 with progressive carbon neutral goals. Another group of such investors, also filed a lawsuit against Shell in Netherlands for violating environmental regulations, as its shareholders.

Keystone species hold together the complex web of relationships in an ecosystem. Keystone species are crucial to the environment where they reside. They can be animals, plants or microorganisms. Examples of keystone species include starfish, sea otters, wolves and elephants.

“De-extinction” is a scientific pursuit aimed at using advanced cloning to resurrect extinct species. Colossal Biosciences, a de-extinction company founded in 2021 by Harvard geneticist George Church and tech entrepreneur Ben Lamm, claim de-extinction could bring ecological benefits. With the dodo, a species synonymous with the concept of extinction, it hopes to create “a symbol of hope” for conservation. The company also believes that techniques developed to bring these animals back could then be applied to help protect present-day endangered species.
De-extinction raises fundamental questions about conservation priorities, why species matter, and the risks of scientific progress. And as the bucardo (the first species to return from extinction — but only for a moment. The baby’s lung was misshapen, and she suffocated within minutes) shows, one of the most intractable problems is the harm to individual animals: both the surrogate parents and newborn clones face a risk of suffering and trauma, used as mere instruments in a research project of unclear benefit.

The BBC model of news is objective, where they are allowed to cover any news factually and objectively, without giving any subjective interpretation. Other major news organizations give subjective interpretations of current events and debate various perspectives on the same.

The ""Intellectual Dark Web"" is a term describing a group of academics and intellectual (e.g. Jordan Peterson, Sam Harris) who promote 'politically incorrect' views, such as the significance of biological differences between sexes, the failing of multiculturalism, and defences of colonialism. They have promoted their views mainly via YouTube and social media. As of late, they have been increasingly given more mainstream platforms.

The '27 Club' has become one of the most elusive and remarkably tragic coincidences in rock & roll history. The term became widely known after Kurt Cobain’s death in 1994, with rock fans connecting his age to that of Jim Morrison, Janis Joplin, Brian Jones and Jimi Hendrix – When Amy Winehouse passed away at age 27 in 2011, it attracted even more attention to the significance of the age. While the club has been largely connected to musicians, it has expanded since, as many young actors and artists have lost their lives due to everything from addiction to suicide to freak accidents. For the purpose of the motion the actor is aware of the 27 club

Vulture funds are a sub-set of hedge funds which invest in distressed securities that have a high chance of default. These funds buy risky debt securities at heavy discounts and seek returns via methods like aggressive litigation, debt restructuring and asset seizure.

France has a vast system of social welfare policies, when compared with several other "rich" nations around the world. This comes at a cost, however, something that is specifically evident when it comes to their pension policy. The retirement age in France is currently 62, which, if allowed to continue, would result in EUR 14 billion in costs to the state annually, from around 2030 onwards. Generous policies have also resulted in early retirements, and various other reductions in productivity overall, which has issues for the populace at large - especially younger generations, who would have to deal with the bill that the state will keep accumulating.
Emmanuel Macron suggested raising the retirement age to 64. This move was unpopular with the current working population, and also prompted political manoeuvring by his main rivals, Marine Le Penn and Jean Luc Melanchon, who, despite being from opposite ends of the political spectrum, opposed this move. Determined to pass the policy due to its financial necessity, despite its deep unpopularity amongst the electorate, and the strong unpopularity it faced from the opposition parties (Macron doesn't have majority in parliament despite being the president and having his own cabinet), Macron ultimately decided to use a provision called Article 49.3 in the French Constitution, to pass the policy, with the trade off of it triggering a vote of no confidence (a much lower threshold is required when a President exercises 49.3 in France). 
*This debate is set prior to Macron's decision to exercise Article 49.3.

China has a female labour force participation rate of around 60%. In Bangladesh, this figure is around 36%. In India, it's a meagre 19.23% - and it is falling, having reduced from around 30% in the 1990s to the present value. Strangely, this happens despite more and more women getting educated, and living away from their families to work, at the start of their careers - that is, in conditions which allow them to exercise comparatively more agency than previous female generations were able to in the country.

The simplest definition of a "momfluencer" is someone who has monetized their maternal identity on social media. Many people roll into motherhood completely unprepared and relatively clueless about it and they certainly don’t have many systemic supports in this country. As a result, most of them are understandably looking for ways to make motherhood easier or ways to do motherhood “right.” Today, momfluencers are big business for advertisers, since women make the majority of household purchasing decisions, and moms in particular are often the ones choosing big-ticket items such as strollers and cribs. They also hold cultural importance — more than ever, these momfluencers are communicating messages to the rest of us about both the joys and challenges of motherhood, and the ways to revel in them or overcome them. Recently, there’s been a movement toward more relatable moms, on TikTok especially.

The ethics of care consists of four elements which are attentiveness, responsibility, competence and responsiveness. The ethics of care views human beings as inherently interdependent and not entirely independent. It values emotion as a moral force rather than reject it, thereby creating space for emotion in moral philosophy. It rejects the view of dominant moral theories that relationships and attachment cannot be the basis for legitimate moral decisions and prioritizes decisions based on care when making moral decisions.